Over the years, since the first satellite, “sputnik,” got launched, several objects have been launched into space. Unfortunately, a vast majority of such things, including rocket bodies and large pieces of debris, have re-entered the Earth’s atmosphere unpredictably and catastrophically. Thus, it is creating a potential hazard to the common people and infrastructure. Although predicting the re-entry date and time of these objects is highly essential, it is nonetheless a challenging task. This is because one needs to stipulate the density of the upper Earth's atmosphere that relies on solar activity. This is where the problem arises as solar activity is largely unpredictable.
Earth’s atmosphere becomes heated as per the solar activity, which causes it to expand. Therefore, a satellite decayed in orbit can fall back to the Earth due to the effect referred to as “atmospheric drag.” Moreover, the quantity of space debris is enormous, and most of it is small in size. So, if a spacecraft changes its orbit unexpectedly and happenstances with a small price of space junk, it could be synonymous with hitting a bomb at high speed and might lead to an explosion.
To reduce this problem, scientists have unveiled a method and software termed “RESONANCE,” which can predict the solar radio influx activity 1-24 months prior to its arrival. This technology can revolutionize the Predictive Analytics Market as it will better the specification of satellite orbits, collision avoidance manoeuvres, re-entry services, and modeling of space debris evolution.
RESONANCE offers predictions of the solar radio flux at F10.7 and F30 cm, that too, 1 to 24 months beforehand. The F10.7 and F30 indices signify the flux density of solar radio emissions with the wavelength of 10.7 and 30 cm averaged over an hour. Thus, it serves as a solar proxy of the ultraviolet solar emission, which is responsible for heating the Earth’s uppermost atmosphere. This new technology merges state-of-the-art physics-inspired models with advanced data assimilation methods, wherein F10.7 and F30 forecasts are taken as solar input in the re-entry prediction tool. This helps in the further estimation of an object's re-entry time.
It is crucial to observe and envisage solar activity so that orbit predictions happen accurately. RENONANCE might be the key to the further development of reliable and robust space weather operation services. This is because the technology brings together research and engineering applications to protect space and ground-based infrastructures, leading to better space exploration.
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