Several sources suggest that lithium-sulfur batteries can cycle hundreds of times, but this is at the expense of other factors such as capacity, charging rate, durability, and safety. The current objective is to create a battery that improves the cycling rate from the previous ten cycles to hundreds of cycles. Simultaneously, the method also needs to meet various other criteria, including cost.
According to a new study, a network of aramid nanofibers made from recycled Kevlar could help lithium-sulfur batteries overcome all these critical obstacles. It has the potential to boost the Sulfur Lithium Battery Market as it would solve the issue of the number of times it could be charged and discharged.
In the current study, researchers combined the ionic selectivity of cell membranes with cartilage toughness for the first time. They were able to address the overarching issues of lithium-sulfur batteries thanks to the integrated system approach.
Researchers designed motorways for lithium ions where lithium polysulfides cannot pass the tolls, inspired by biological ion channels. The lithium ions and lithium polysulfides are comparable in size. This is why the team felt that blocking the lithium polysulfides with tiny channels was insufficient. Thus, they injected an electrical charge to the pores in the battery membrane to mimic pores in biological membranes.
Lithium ions with a positive charge, on the other hand, may travel freely. Researchers achieved this by utilizing lithium polysulfides. They adhered to the aramid nanofibers, and their negative charges repelled the lithium polysulfide ions formed at the sulfur electrode.
The design is "almost flawless," with capacity and efficiency nearing theoretical limits. It can also withstand the extremes of automobile life's temperature, from the heat of charging in direct sunlight to the chill of winter. However, the real-world cycle life may turn out to be shorter with fast charging, till around 1,000 cycles. This corresponds to a ten-year lifespan.
In addition to having a higher capacity, lithium-sulfur batteries have a longer lifespan than lithium-ion batteries. Sulfur is far more plentiful than cobalt, which is used in lithium-ion electrodes. Furthermore, the battery membrane's aramid fibers can be recycled from old bulletproof vests. Its capacity and efficiency are approaching theoretical limits, making the design "almost flawless."
Sulfur is far more plentiful than cobalt, which is used in lithium-ion electrodes. Furthermore, a higher capacity, lithium-sulfur batteries have a longer lifespan compared to lithium-ion batteries. Moreover, the battery membrane's aramid fibers can be recycled from old bulletproof vests.
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